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 Nephrotic Syndrome  Glossary Albuminuria: Loss of albumin (one of the vital proteins in the body) in the urine. Antigen: Antigens are foreign agents like bacteria, viruses and toxic material. When they enter into the body, an immune response is produced by the host to eliminate antigens. Antibody: Antibodies are proteins, which are produced by the defense system of the body to eliminate antigens. Antihypertensive medicine: Medicines given to control high blood pressure. Ascites: Ascites is the presence of excess fluid in the peritoneal abdominal cavity. Cholesterol: Cholesterol is one of several types of fats that play an important role in our body. Creatinine and urea: Body wastes, which are removed by the kidneys. Edema/Oedema: Swelling or bloating of the body due to accumulation of fluid/water in-between the body cells. Glomerulus (pleural-glomeruli): Glomeruli are tiny blood vessels that form a meshwork in the kidney through which blood is strained to filter out excess water and waste products. Glomerulonephritis: Glomerulonephritis is a kidney disease in which glomeruli become inflamed and scarred and slowly lose their ability to remove wastes and excess water from the blood to make urine. Hematuria: Presence of blood in the urine. Henoch-schonlein purpura: It is disorder caused by an inflammation of blood vessels (vasculitis) and presents with skin rash, joint pain, abdominal pain, and kidney disease. Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Hodgkin's Lymphoma is a malignant (cancerous) growth of cells in the lymph system of the body. Hypoalbuminemia: Low levels of albumin in the body. Hypoproteinemia: Low levels of proteins in the body. Hypercholesterolemia: High levels of cholesterol in the body. Hyperlipidemia: High levels of fats in the body. Multiple myeloma: Multiple Myeloma is a form of cancer of the blood and immune system. Nephrotic syndrome: The term is coined using two words: Nephros meaning kidney and syndrome meaning a group of disorders. Nephrotic syndrome is kidney disorder characterized by loss of proteins in the urine. Peritoneal cavity: Synonymous to abdominal cavity. Pleura: Membranous coverings of lungs. Proteins: Proteins are on the very important nutrients of the body and made up of combination of many chemicals called amino acids. Proteinuria: Loss of proteins in the urine. Systemic lupus erythematosus: An immune disorder in which body defenses are directed against body’s own tissues and organs like joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, etc. Thromboembolism: The blocking of a blood vessel by a thrombus or clot that has become detached from its site of formation. |
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